This case is rock-solid textbook of what cops can and can not do:
"Police cannot detain citizens and demand identification with no good reason. Call was well within his rights and Ohio laws clearly backed him up. Police could not have taken action against Call unless it appeared that he was about to commit a crime, and the mere presence of a firearm does not constitute suspicion.
"Riverside police Chief Mark Reiss argued, “Had he been truthful with the police and simply provided his identification so that they could have quickly ran it, that encounter would have been over very quickly, within a minute or two.”
"Technically that is true, but the only problem is that Call was under no legal obligation to pacify the police officers. Call’s refusal to identify himself was a Constitutional right."
I would add one thing to the last statement: We citizens have no obligation to pacify police officers who're overstepping the legal bounds of their authority. We most certainly do, however, have the right to remain silent, as well as the right to sue police departments and municipalities whose law enforcement officers violate the law.