Lawsuits are not limited to a single legal argument. Given that a plaintiff typically gets but one appeal, it would be foolish to limit one's argument in the district court and court of appeals to a single argument.
McDonald was the new precedent when I filed my lawsuit back in 2011. Success with my 2nd Amendment argument would also create a new precedent. When my lawsuit was filed, I did not have any SCOTUS Rule 10 splits and I did not think I would still be litigating a case into its sixth year and beyond. A race based equal protection claim was the easier route and it still is.
Raced based Equal Protection precedents date back to shortly after the 14th Amendment was enacted. When I first filed my lawsuit I would have been quite happy for a quick and easy win on equal protection grounds alone and based on binding SCOTUS and 9th circuit precedents, I should have won in the district court. The state's attorney told me during my deposition that he expected me to win with my race based equal protection argument but added "So what?" We'll just reenact the bans and you (I) won't have the Black Panthers as an excuse the next time.
But now that I have spent so much time, money and effort on this lawsuit, coupled with the fact that I now have multiple SCOTUS Rule 10 splits on the Second Amendment (including Norman v. State which came out after my appeal was fully briefed), I framed my opening brief so that the court of appeals will have to decide the Second Amendment questions.
Always the same bs and false legal analysis. Do you have anything new?
It was a surprise to both of us when the district court judge decided that I cannot bring a race based equal protection claim unless I claim that the laws I challenge were enforced against me because of my race.
First of all, that is not how it works. The only two things I was required to argue in this circuit is 1) that the motivation for enacting the laws involved a suspect classification, which was easy given that I am challenging the 1967 Black Panther Loaded Open Carry ban as well as the two Unloaded Open Carry bans which were enacted to "close the loophole(s)" in the 1967 ban and, 2) I have an ongoing injury because of the ban.
Also, these are criminal laws I am challenging. The only way I can claim that they have been enforced against me is for me to be arrested and/or prosecuted, convicted fined or imprisoned.
No Federal court in this country requires that one violate a law, let alone be arrested for violating a law, in order to challenge the constitutionality of the law. The district court judge assigned to my case, Otero, came to his own conclusions of law which conflict with SCOTUS and this circuit. In Judge Otero's view, no pre-enforcement challenges to criminal laws are allowed.
Most of Judge Otero's decision the state's attorney did not even try and defend on appeal. Yesterday, the state's attorney filed a
response to one of my FRAP 28(j) letters regarding
Flanagan v. Harris in which he is also the attorney. Read the state's answering brief then read my FRAP 28(j) letter then read the state's response:
"Mr. Nichols’s may create mistaken impressions about the position of the California
Attorney General's Office in litigation about the constitutionality of firearm regulations.
The AGO does not contend that Mr. Nichols has to violate California’s open-carry
statutes to have standing to challenge their constitutionality. Rather, the AGO concedes that Mr.
Nichols has standing to pursue his lawsuit, including the appeal.
The AGO does not contend that Mr. Nichols’s appeal is defective because it seeks a
ruling on the question of whether people not barred by law from possessing firearms have the
right, under the Second Amendment, to carry firearms openly in public. The AGO has
emphasized the narrowness and specificity of the question presented, but has not contended that
the way that Mr. Nichols has framed his case is improper."
In short, the state has now conceded that contrary to Judge Otero's decision: 1) I can challenge the lawsuit both facially and as applied, 2) I do have standing to challenge the laws and 3) I have properly framed my case.
All that remains now is a de novo review by the court of appeals on each of my seven questions raised on appeal. Particularly the Second Amendment question which the court must answer in lieu of all others.
If the court of appeals concludes that I have a Second Amendment right to step even one inch outside the door of my home into the curtilage of my home carrying a loaded firearm for the purpose of self-defense then I win my challenge against the Loaded Open Carry ban.
If the court of appeals concludes that I have a Second Amendment right to openly carry modern, unloaded firearms outside of my home then I win my challenge against the two Unloaded Open Carry bans.
If the court of appeals concludes that the Second Amendment right extends beyond the doors to my home then I win my challenge against California's handgun Loaded Open Carry licensing laws because fundamental, enumerated rights cannot be allowed or denied solely on the basis of residency in one county but not another.
And if I lose then I will have multiple SCOTUS Rule 10 splits which is something Peruta did not have when it filed cert and by the time it finally got one (Norman v. State) it was too late for Peruta.