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Candidates for Governor Gun Rights Records... Who would you chose?

mikestilly

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4395400273_170e41fc8f_b.jpg
 

mikestilly

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Also might I add not in the ad is his clarification of Michigan law which allowed machine guns to be NFA registered here.

http://www.ag.state.mi.us/opinion/datafiles/2000s/op10259.htm



STATE OF MICHIGAN

MIKE COX, ATTORNEY GENERAL

FIREARMS:

MICHIGAN PENAL CODE:


Possession and transfer of a machine gun

A person in Michigan may only possess a machine gun if it was lawfully possessed before May 19, 1986, and is properly registered under federal law. A person in Michigan may only transfer possession of a machine gun if authorized to do so by the federal Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.

Opinion No. 7183

December 27, 2005

Honorable Leon Drolet
State Representative
The Capitol
Lansing, Michigan 48909

You have asked whether a person[1] in Michigan may transfer possession of a federally registered machine gun.

Possession of a machine gun by a person in Michigan is controlled by section 224 of the Michigan Penal Code, MCL 750.224:

(1) A person shall not manufacture, sell, offer for sale, or possess any of the following:

(a) A machine gun or firearm that shoots or is designed to shoot automatically more than 1 shot without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

* * *

(3) Subsection (1) does not apply to any of the following:

(a) A self-defense spray device as defined in section 224d.

(b) A person manufacturing firearms, explosives, or munitions of war by virtue of a contract with a department of the government of the United States.

(c) A person licensed by the secretary of the treasury of the United States or the secretary's delegate[[2]] to manufacture, sell, or possess a machine gun, or a device, weapon, cartridge, container, or contrivance described in subsection (1). [Emphasis added.]

Of greatest relevance to your question is the exception stated in subsection 3(c) above. Michigan law, therefore, prohibits the possession of a machine gun by a person unless that person has been "licensed" by the United States Government to manufacture, sell, or possess the weapon.

To determine how one becomes "licensed" by the federal government, the governing provision is subsection (o) of section 922 of the federal Firearms Owners' Protection Act of 1986 (FOPA), 18 USC 922(o). That subsection states in relevant part:

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), it shall be unlawful for any person to transfer or possess a machinegun.

(2) This subsection does not apply with respect to--

* * *

(B) any lawful transfer or lawful possession of a machinegun that was lawfully possessed before the date this subsection takes effect [effective May 19, 1986]. [18 USC 922(o)(1) and (2)(B).]

After enactment of the FOPA, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives promulgated implementing regulations permitting private ownership of a machine gun under specified circumstances. One of those regulations, 27 CFR 479.105, provides:

(a) General. As provided by 26 U.S.C. 5812 and 26 U.S.C. 5822, an application to make or transfer a firearm shall be denied if the making, transfer, receipt, or possession of the firearm would place the maker or transferee in violation of
law. . . .

(b) Machine guns lawfully possessed prior to May 19, 1986. A machine gun possessed in compliance with the provisions of this part prior to May 19, 1986, may continue to be lawfully possessed by the person to whom the machine gun is registered and may, upon compliance with the provisions of this part, be lawfully transferred to and possessed by the transferee.

Thus, under federal law, a person may possess a machine gun if that person lawfully possessed it before May 19, 1986, or if the person is one to whom a person in lawful possession lawfully transferred possession after that date. Another regulation, 27 CFR 479.84, generally prohibits the transfer of a firearm "unless an application, Form 4 (Firearms), Application for Transfer and Registration of Firearm, in duplicate, executed under the penalties of perjury to transfer the firearm and register it to the transferee has been filed with and approved by the Director [of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives]." The regulation further requires that the application provide a complete description of the firearm and detailed identification of both parties to the transfer. Under the current Form 4 (copy attached), the transferee is required to certify whether the transferee has been convicted of or is facing criminal felony charges, whether the transferee is a fugitive, illegal alien, addicted to controlled substances, subject to a domestic relations restraining order, has received a military dishonorable discharge, has been adjudicated mentally defective, or has been convicted of domestic violence. An affirmative answer to any of these questions results in a denial of the application. Another regulation, 27 CFR 479.85, requires that the application include the transferee's photograph and set of fingerprints. The application must also be certified by the appropriate state or local law enforcement official as to whether the official has any information indicating that the machine gun will be used for other than a lawful purpose or that possession of the gun by the transferee would be in violation of state or federal law. 27 CFR 479.85. The Form 4 application is then reviewed by the Director and, if approved, is returned to the transferor who may then transfer the weapon. The transferee is required to retain the approved Form 4 application as proof that the firearm is properly registered. 27 CFR 479.86.

In light of this federal regulatory background, it must next be determined whether this federal approval process culminates in the issuance of a "license" for purposes of the exception to the prohibition on the possession of a machine gun found in MCL 750.224.

The foremost rule in construing a statute is to discern and give effect to the intent of the Legislature. Nastal v Henderson & Associates Investigations, Inc, 471 Mich 712, 720; 691 NW2d 1 (2005). The first step in ascertaining that intent is to review the language of the statute. The plain meaning of the critical word itself as well as its placement and purpose in the statutory scheme must be considered. Sun Valley Foods Co v Ward, 460 Mich 230, 236-237; 596 NW2d 119 (1999).

The concept of licensure was discussed in Bostrom v Jennings, 326 Mich 146, 167; 40 NW2d 97 (1949) (Boyles, J. concurring):

[A] license means "to confer on a person the right to do something which otherwise he would not have the right to do." 33 Am Jur, "Licenses," § 2, p 325.

"The object of a license is to confer a right that does not exist without a license." Chilvers v. People, 11 Mich 43, 49.

"The popular understanding of the word license undoubtedly is, a permission to do something which without the license would not be allowable. . . ." Youngblood v. Sexton, 32 Mich 406, 419 (20 Am Rep 654).

The general understanding of a license is stated in Webster's New International Dictionary (2d ed), p 1425, as follows:

"License, license, n * * * Authority or liberty given to do or forebear any act; permission to do something.

Although the application and registration scheme provided for under the federal laws and regulations discussed above do not result in the issuance of a document labeled "license,"[3] the Form 4 application and resulting approval process bears all the hallmarks of licensure. The permission granted by the Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives to transfer and possess a machine gun is the official authority required in order to avoid the federal proscription. Absent such approval, a person possessing a machine gun would be subject to serious sanctions, including prosecution and incarceration under both federal and state law. See 18 USC 924 and MCL 750.224(2).

Moreover, there is no indication in the plain text of MCL 750.224 that the Legislature intended the word "license" to have a meaning other than its ordinary meaning as described by the Court in Bostrom. Its purpose in the statutory scheme appears to be to assure that only those persons receiving the proper authorization from the appropriate federal officials are allowed to manufacture, sell, or possess a machine gun. The statute does not focus on the particular title or name given to that authorizing instrument. Accordingly, the authorization provided under the federal regulatory scheme embodied in 18 USC 922(o) and related regulations constitutes a "license" within the meaning of MCL 750.224.[4]

It is my opinion, therefore, that a person in Michigan may only possess a machine gun if it was lawfully possessed before May 19, 1986, and is properly registered under federal law. A person in Michigan may only transfer possession of a machine gun if authorized to do so by the federal Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.

MIKE COX
Attorney General

NOTE: OAG No. 5210 has been superseded by this opinion.

[1] Because your request only concerns private individuals, this opinion does not address any other classes of persons, such as law enforcement officers and military personnel.

[2] The historical responsibility of the Secretary of Treasury of the United States to regulate firearms through the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives was transferred by Congress to the United States Attorney General by Public Law No 107-296, Title XI, Subtitle B, § 1112(f)(4), (6), 116 Stat 2276 (2002).

[3] Compare 18 USC 923 (providing for the licensure of manufacturers, importers, dealers, and collectors).

[4] OAG, 1977-1978, No 5210, p 189 (August 10, 1977), reached the opposite conclusion on this question. However, at the time that opinion was issued, MCL 750.224 allowed a person to possess a machine gun if the person was "duly licensed to manufacture, sell, or possess any machine gun." As that opinion noted, when MCL 750.224 was amended in 1959, the Legislature considered a companion bill to license the possession of machine guns. The opinion concluded that the failure to enact the bill was evidence that no law existed to allow for the possession of a machine gun. The opinion further noted that then existing federal law only provided for the registration and not the licensing of machine guns. As discussed above, Congress subsequently enacted legislation authorizing the Director of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives to formally approve the possession of certain machine guns. Moreover, soon after the issuance of OAG No 5210, the Legislature amended MCL 750.224 by 1978 PA 564 to specifically recognize an exception for a license issued by the United States Government. The Attorney General was also quick to recognize that with the amendment, the machine gun prohibition in MCL 750.224 did not apply to a person duly licensed by the Secretary of Treasury of the United States or the Secretary's delegate to possess a machine gun. Letter opinion of the Attorney General to Phillip Price, Chief, National Firearms Act Branch, United States Department of Treasury, dated April 25, 1979. Accordingly, OAG No 5210 is superseded by this opinion.
 

lil_freak_66

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is that a left handed shotgun being fired right handed???

i know right handed(normal) firearms are often fired left handed...heck i do it alot,but ive never seen somebody shoot a lefty gun right handed.
 

wardog6d

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YA ya he supports gun rights COOL. BUT?

Cox closed an investigation by the State of Michigan into allegations of a "wild party" at Detroit Mayor's residence (known as the Manoogian Mansion).The Michigan State Police continued their own separate investigation.

The police noted that Cox insisted on interviewing the former mayor Kilpatrickalone without MSP present, because there were allegations of media leaks. State police officers have testified that they had strong leads that needed to be followed regarding the Manoogian Mansion party, that the state police believed that the Detroit Police Department was destroying evidence in the case, but "because of actions by Attorney General Mike Cox, they were powerless to stop them."

What I find interesting about this is Mike Cox created the cold case unit?

In November 2005, Cox himself admitted to committing adultery while accusing lawyer Geoffrey Fieger of blackmail, claiming that he threatened to reveal the affair if Cox did not drop an investigation into Fieger's alleged campaign finance violations. Cox said his personal conduct was "inexcusable" and had reconciled with his wife.

The bottom line. He's just another politician telling the people what they want to hear. If and when he gets in, it will be just another Granholm effect. He's already proven he's a fishing guy in the past. How mnay more fish will be in the nets as governer.
 

zigziggityzoo

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lil_freak_66 wrote:
is that a left handed shotgun being fired right handed???

i know right handed(normal) firearms are often fired left handed...heck i do it alot,but ive never seen somebody shoot a lefty gun right handed.
Exact opposite. They flipped the picture.
 

ISMOID

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Actually,that is an Ithica Model 37 shotgun.

Model 37 is known for its light weight and ambidextrous handling, thanks to Browning's patented bottom ejection feature. There is no ejection port on either side, the loading/ejecting is done through the bottom.
 

kyleplusitunes

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Lennon Michigan, ,
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wardog6d wrote:
YA ya he supports gun rights COOL. BUT?

Cox closed an investigation by the State of Michigan into allegations of a "wild party" at Detroit Mayor's residence (known as the Manoogian Mansion). The Michigan State Police continued their own separate investigation.

The police noted that Cox insisted on interviewing the former mayor Kilpatrick alone without MSP present, because there were allegations of media leaks.  State police officers have testified that they had strong leads that needed to be followed regarding the Manoogian Mansion party, that the state police believed that the Detroit Police Department was destroying evidence in the case, but "because of actions by Attorney General Mike Cox, they were powerless to stop them."

What I find interesting about this is Mike Cox created the cold case unit?

In November 2005, Cox himself admitted to committing adultery while accusing  lawyer Geoffrey Fieger of blackmail, claiming that he threatened to reveal the affair if Cox did not drop an investigation into Fieger's alleged campaign finance violations. Cox said his personal conduct was "inexcusable" and had reconciled with his wife.

The bottom line. He's just another politician telling the people what they want to hear. If and when he gets in, it will be just another Granholm effect. He's already proven he's a fishing guy in the past. How mnay more fish will be in the nets as governer.

Just curious what the big deal about anyone cheating on their wife is (in the publics eye)

Along with the mayor partying at his residence?

I think more than half the problem with the country nowadays is, we care too much about peoples personal life.

So Mike Cox likes to ****? I don't vote, so I'm not saying I love Mike Cox and he should be our next governor, but who gives a shit?
 

wardog6d

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Just dont want anyone to lose site of the FACTS. The FACTs are this guy is just as fishy as anyone else if not more then any other candidate. Non of the other candidates have past issue's that areas questionable. The fact is if he can cheat on his wife, hide the facts of an investigation. What could he do as governer. Yet he supports gun rights so forget everything else. Its all about guns, guns, guns. Morals, I guess are not part of the definitation in terms of candidates for governer.
 

eastmeyers

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ISMOID wrote:
Actually,that is an Ithica Model 37 shotgun.

Model 37 is known for its light weight and ambidextrous handling, thanks to Browning's patented bottom ejection feature. There is no ejection port on either side, the loading/ejecting is done through the bottom.
well i'll be
 

taxwhat

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kyleplusitunes wrote:
wardog6d wrote:
YA ya he supports gun rights COOL. BUT?

Cox closed an investigation by the State of Michigan into allegations of a "wild party" at Detroit Mayor's residence (known as the Manoogian Mansion).The Michigan State Police continued their own separate investigation.

The police noted that Cox insisted on interviewing the former mayor Kilpatrickalone without MSP present, because there were allegations of media leaks. State police officers have testified that they had strong leads that needed to be followed regarding the Manoogian Mansion party, that the state police believed that the Detroit Police Department was destroying evidence in the case, but "because of actions by Attorney General Mike Cox, they were powerless to stop them."

What I find interesting about this is Mike Cox created the cold case unit?

In November 2005, Cox himself admitted to committing adultery while accusing lawyer Geoffrey Fieger of blackmail, claiming that he threatened to reveal the affair if Cox did not drop an investigation into Fieger's alleged campaign finance violations. Cox said his personal conduct was "inexcusable" and had reconciled with his wife.

The bottom line. He's just another politician telling the people what they want to hear. If and when he gets in, it will be just another Granholm effect. He's already proven he's a fishing guy in the past. How mnay more fish will be in the nets as governer.

Just curious what the big deal about anyone cheating on their wife is (in the publics eye)

Along with the mayor partying at his residence?

I think more than half the problem with the country nowadays is, we care too much about peoples personal life.

So Mike Cox likes to @#$%? I don't vote, so I'm not saying I love Mike Cox and he should be our next governor, but who gives a @#$%?
Never the Mis-step....................................... But The COVER-UP ! The apperance is as Bad !
 

BreakingTheMold

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Niles & Lawton, Michigan, USA
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zigziggityzoo wrote:
lil_freak_66 wrote:
is that a left handed shotgun being fired right handed???

i know right handed(normal) firearms are often fired left handed...heck i do it alot,but ive never seen somebody shoot a lefty gun right handed.
Exact opposite. They flipped the picture.
If they flipped it there would still be the Ejection port, assuming your talking about a shotgun that is not an Ithaca.

As i just noticed its stated thats an Ithaca pump action, which feeds and ejects out of the bottom.

Politics is like the reverse beauty pageant. Which one will do the least damage...
 

mikestilly

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wardog6d wrote:
YA ya he supports gun rights COOL. BUT?

Cox closed an investigation by the State of Michigan into allegations of a "wild party" at Detroit Mayor's residence (known as the Manoogian Mansion). The Michigan State Police continued their own separate investigation.

The police noted that Cox insisted on interviewing the former mayor Kilpatrick alone without MSP present, because there were allegations of media leaks.  State police officers have testified that they had strong leads that needed to be followed regarding the Manoogian Mansion party, that the state police believed that the Detroit Police Department was destroying evidence in the case, but "because of actions by Attorney General Mike Cox, they were powerless to stop them."

What I find interesting about this is Mike Cox created the cold case unit?

In November 2005, Cox himself admitted to committing adultery while accusing  lawyer Geoffrey Fieger of blackmail, claiming that he threatened to reveal the affair if Cox did not drop an investigation into Fieger's alleged campaign finance violations. Cox said his personal conduct was "inexcusable" and had reconciled with his wife.

The bottom line. He's just another politician telling the people what they want to hear. If and when he gets in, it will be just another Granholm effect. He's already proven he's a fishing guy in the past. How mnay more fish will be in the nets as governer.


It's really funny people buy in to comments about an event with no proof of allegations. The fed's have been weeding out all the Detroit crooks. If Mike had any involvement you would definitely hear about it. Do you even know the results of the investigation? I'm not to worried about the liberal spin of the investigation If you would vote for anti-gunners over rumors with no facts to substantiate them then go for it.

http://www.michigan.gov/ag/0,1607,7-164-34739_34811-70702--,00.html

As for what happened with him and his wife belongs between him and his wife. If you know of any perfect people have haven't made any mistakes in their life please point them out to me. Why don't you want to look at his overall record? How about his 2A record? What about his record a prosecutors? How about his military record? Is this all you got?
 
G

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The photo isn't flipped. If it was the wedding ring would be on the right hand.
 

sevenplusone

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Kent Co, Michigan, USA
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It's definately a Mod 37. You can almost see a hint of the rollmark on the side.

They are some of the finest sporting shotguns that the average Joe can afford. My dad being a lefty always loved them because they are bottom eject. It has a distinct shape in the foreend and the way the barrel meets the receiver. Beautiful guns and very light. I'd rather carry one of those in the field than any other comparable pump. The action tends to be some of the most buttery-smooth actions in pump shotguns. If you don't believe me I'll meet you at the range sometime with my late '50s Mod 37.
 
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