I do not recall Christ's rebuke to Peter on striking off Malchus' ear in any of the four synoptic Gospels, Matthew 26:51, Mark 14:47, Luke 22:50-51, and John 18:10–11. Peter was not rebuked for the weapon or the injury. Nor was any mention made, that I recall, of Mosaic or Babylonian law, an ear for an ear.
I suppose one could quibble about whether Peter was "rebuked" or whether the Lord's words were simply explanatory and comforting. Asking whether Peter didn't understand that Jesus could call down legions of angels to His defense might be considered a soft rebuke by those who would expect an Apostle to know the Lord's power, ability, and mission/Passion.
Notably, once Jesus healed/restored the ear, all physical evidence of any armed resistance was gone and all injury eliminated. Hence, no need under any law for Peter to make any recompense; and no legal case against Peter. I believe assaulting a Roman soldier was likely to bring capital punishment. The Savior saved Peter's life, leaving him free to continue his appointed earthly ministry leading the fledgling Christian church following Jesus' crucifixion and death.
Additionally, in connection with His entry into Jerusalem on a [donkey] (Matt 21) rather than a stallion, removing all evidence of armed resistance to then existing legal authority allowed Jesus to tell Pilate that "My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence." (John 18:36) To the Jewish religious leaders, Jesus spoke what they considered blaspheme. Roman authority didn't care about such things and so the Jews attempted to make Jesus look like an insurgent fomenting revolution. That is the crime for which Roman authority would have executed a man under existing law. Jesus was innocent of all such crimes. And indeed, being who he actually claimed to be, was also innocent of the religious charge of blaspheme as well. He died truly and completely innocent of all wrong-doing.
Christianity, the teachings of Christ, transcends political and social boundaries. Jesus was also anything but one-dimensional. The man who said "let not thy left hand know what thy right hand does" and that counseled against praying or fasting to be seen of men, also counseled His followers not to hide their light under a bushel, but to live lives of good examples of their faith and good works, to the glory of God. The man who went like a lamb to His own slaughter, used serious physical force on two occasions to cleanse the Temple of peaceful, but defying activity. He who refused to condemn the woman taken in adultery, who saved her from the harshness of the ancient punishment, also cursed an olive tree for appearing to bear fruit when it did not have any fruit to be eaten.
The Jesus I read about in the Bible is not the wimpy pacifist some on the left try to make Him out to be. (Neither is He is the same that some on the right try to paint.)
I'm well past the youthful mistakes of thinking that adherence to Christianity requires a person to align with any particular political party or to adopt a specific position on most political issues of our day. But with that realization that even those I consider to be horrible mistaken on social and political issues can be rock solid followers of Jesus has come a real distaste for anyone who presumes to use my religious beliefs as some kind of bludgeon to beat me into political or social submission.
If Mr. Byler's personal religious beliefs compel him to go about unarmed I will respect his decision. I will not respect any attempt on his part to suggest that Falwell or any other Christian has any similar obligation.
Christians have an obligation to believe Jesus is the Son of God, the promised Messiah, their Savior and Redeemer, and to rely upon His grace for a remission of our sins. We have an obligation to love God and to love our fellow man as ourselves. We do not have any obligation beyond that when it comes to immigration, taxes, self-defense, UFOs, or most other social and political issues.
Charles